Fluid-jet motor



QZQQ C. A, BCPYER FLUID JET MOTOR Filed Feb. 2S. 1923 2 Sheets-snaai. l

W Suva/M501 i jj d 9W@ e@ Patented July 22, i924.

li ET ED 'S TTES? @RAM A. BOYER, 0F CE'IESTER, PENNSYLVANIA,

FLUID-JET MOTOR.

Application :nea February 2s, 192e. serial No. 621.850.

To all w/'zom t may @0f/tecra.'

Be it known that I, ORAM A. BOYER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chester, in the county of Delaware .and State of Pennsylvania, have inv'ented certain new and useful Improvements in Fluid-J et Motors, of which the following is a specification. Y

This invention relates to certain new :and useful improvements in fluid jet motors and has particular reference to a device of that kind adapted to be primarily employed as a rotary steam turbine.

The primary object of the present inven tion isv to generally simplify and improve devices of this character in such manner that the driving energy of the steam is utilized to its fullest extent for producing great power.

Another object of the invention is to provide a rotary turbine which embodies a rotor actuated entirely by the direct action of the steam, or in other words, one which does not involve reaction in its actuation, and whereby the direct action of the steam is utilized to its fullest extent for obtaining maximum power.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a rotary turbine including a rotor actuated by the direct action of the steam and involving extreme simplicity of construction so that the invention may meet with this specific requirement for a successful commercial use.

A still further object is to provide a direct actionsteam turbine embodying a rotor having a plurality of peripheral continuous steam chambers and constructed in a novel manner to provide substantially direct communication between all of the chambers and the steam inlet whereby the driving action of the steam is utilized simultaneously in all of the chambers for obtaining maximum power.

Another object of the invention is to form the chambers of sinuous form so that each chamber embodies an annular oppositely extending obliquely positioned chamber portions which converge. in the direction of rotation of the rotor whereby the steam will be continuously allowed to expand and then caused to be obstructed in its flow in passing through each chamber. In other words, each chamber has the effect of a series of converging nozzles yallowing thefcontinuous re-expansion and damming series of of the steam vfor obtaining aA maximum amount of power. n. 7

y `With thev above general objects in'lview and many others that will become apparentl as the nature of the invention is better yunderstood, the same consists inl the :novel form, combination and arrangement ofparts hereinafter more fully described, shown in the accompanying drawings and claimed.

In the vrdrawings, wherein like reference characters indicate kcorresponding parts throughout the several views Figure yl is a lfragmentary longitudinal sectional viewy taken substantially centrally through a fluid jet motor constructed in accordance with the present invention;

Figure 2 is an `enlarged 'fragmentaryV diagrammatic plan view showingl the impulse wheel and rotor,`

F igure lis an enlarged ,fragmentary side elevational view of one of the impulse discs of the rotor; .1 c

Figure 4 is a fragmentary view partly in sectiontaken radially 4through the impulse wheelg'and Figure 5 is a View similar to Figure 2 showing a modified form of the invention.

`Referring more in detail to the several views, the present invention embodies a cylinder 5 having a rotor 6 rotatably fitted therein and provided in its periphery with a plurality of circumferentially.extending annularsteam chambers 7 of sinuous form so` that each chamber is composed of a series, of'obliquelyupositioned and oppositely extendingk chamber portions 8 and 9 respectivelylwhich taperor converge in thev direction of rotation yof the yrotor and in the direction of the steaniow as indicated by the arrow a. This provides a relatively wide portion `Wat the inlet end of each of the chamber portions 8 and Sand a relatively narrow portion N at the outlet end of each chamber portion so that, in effect, each chamber portion acts as a tapered nozzle whereby the steam is alternately restricted in flow and then allowed to expand a number. of ltimes yin ypassing around each chamber. A c

As shown, the chambers 7 preferably increase in depth and width gradually from the inlet end of the cylinder to the exhaust fend thereof so that a maximum amount .of power isk derived f from the steam. as its energy is Gradually spent yin passino' through the chambters to the exhaust. Thechambers 7 are p'referably'formed by suitably shaping the margins ofa plurality of discs 10 which are fixed upon a driven shaft 11 in Side by side spaced relation, the margins of these discs thus affording nested partitions oi portion of the steam from the narrow part of one chamber portion 8 to the wide part W of the chamber portion 9 in the next adjacent chamber. This oblique position of the openings/13 insures flow of a portion ofthe steam from one chamber through an opening 13 into the next succeeding chamber at a point forwardly of the similar open; Y

'ing 13 of thenext disc 10 so that this portion oit the "steam willbe caused to impinge againstthe oblique wall oi Said next disc. In other words, direct flow of the steam from one opening 13 to and through the next adjacent opening 13Y is prevented because `said next adjacentopening 13 is positioned slightly behind the point to which the steam is delivered from one chamber to the other. The margins of the discs 10 are also Drovided with further openings 14 which atl'or'd direct communication between the narrow portion of each 'chamber section 9 and the wide portion of the adjacent chamber sec-V tion 8 of the adjacent chamber 7. The openings '14 are disposed in obliquely positioned portions of the discs 10 so that the steam* in passing through the openings 14,'moves in a general circumferential direction correspending with the direction of rotation of the rotor instead of an axial direction. For this reasonthe steam will not pass fromone opening` 1- 1- to and through the adjacent opening 14 oi' the next disc, but will `pass. through the adjacent oblique chamber 'portion 23` where a portion of the steam will then be diverted through an opening 13 in the disc'at vthe exhaust side Y thereof. Theopenings 13 and 14 are prefer-Y ably gradually increased in area as shown',

and it will be understood from the above that soon after the turbine is placed into operation, steam will lill all of the annular i chambers and exert its driving influence in allotthe same, so as to obtain a maximum .amountofpowerfIt will also befunderstood that thesteam will pass from one chamber tojanother, through yone of the openings 13..,where it will expandr` and then pass through the adjacent tapered )DOFOII oiithis'y chamber. This steam will then be partially diverted through the adjacent opening 1e into the next succeedingchamber so as to expand and similarly pass through an oppositely extending converging portion of said succeeding chamber. i

Obviously the several discs may be stamped in like form by depressing portions oir' its margin laterally in opposite directions as at 15 and 16 respectively in Figure 3, and whenthe discs are placed side by side with their margins nested, a slight relative rotation of the discs will cause the converging chamber portions to be formed, after which the discs may be rigidly fixed in this relation so as to provide arigid rotor having the features above described.'

The nozzle 17 may embody a hollow arcuate or circular member ixed to the smaller or inlet end of the turbine and'carried by the cylinder, with tangentially disposed outlets as at 18.

Securely fastened to theinlet end of the rotor or to the shatt carrying` the latter i is an impulse plate ori'disc 19 lying within the nozzle 17 andV provided with peripheral varies 2O which extend laterally and'then obliquely in the general direction of rotation oi the rotor, as shown clearly inVFigure 2. These vanes 420 extend inwardly ot' the adjacent end ot' the cylinder 5 so as tofeft'ectivelj.' direct the steam into the adjacent oblique portions of the adjacent chambers.

The rotor preferably also embdies an Y outer wall or casing 21 which Vencircles the marginal edges of the discs V10 so that the chambers-7 are closed at the periphery of the rotor. Also. it is to be noted that the vaines 2O project inwardlyof the rotorand lie inwardly of the rotor casing 21.

.at suitable intervals certain of the vanes 20 may be enlarged as at 22 and provided with threaded sockets 23 for the reception ot screws whereby the casing 21 may be rigidly fastened in place with the impulse plate 19 attached to the rotor proper.

Referring to Figure 5wherein a modification ot the invention is illustrated, the

construction is substantially the same at that previously describedexcept that the communication between the several chambers 7 'is solely established by means ofopenings 2i in the oblique marginal portions of the discs 10 which extend toward the inlet end of the turbine and in the general direction in which the rotor rotates thus providing for the action of the steam in straight l'ines as indicated by the arrows o parallel with the direction of rotation of the rotor. In other words. int-his form of the invention, the steam passes from one chamber to the next adjacent chamber through an opening 211 as it emerges from a narrow portion N of one chamber section to enter the wide portion W of the next adjacent "chamber,

In both formsv of the invention it will be seen/'that the steam or motive agent will pass trom one chamber to the next succeed= ing chamber through an opening andthen the` motive agent will pass in an oblique portion of said next succeeding chamber until a portion 'ot the same encounters the next opening' and is diverted therethrough, said motive agent being subjected to a damming action and then allowedtoexpand in passing from one oblique portion of a chamber to another, or from one chamber to the other, whereby7V the driving energy of the motive agent is utilized to a maximum extent.

The exhaust end ot the turbine is generally denoted by the reference character E and it is obvious that the exhaust passage at this end of the turbine may be Jformed in any wel] known or preferred manner whereby the passage for the-exhaust isequal in area to the 'amount of motive agent passing from the rotor.

It is to be understood that the terni steam is herein employed in. a broad or generic sense so as to include gas or any equivalent ot steam and that the invention is not limited in any mannerby this terni to the use of vaporized Water as a motive agent.

In operationthe steam is conductedfto the nozzle 17 from any suitable source of supply and passes from this nozzle so as to impinge upon the vanes 20 in a tangential direction as illustrated in Figure 4t, at 18a. The steam will then soon lill allofthe cham-- bers 7 and simultaneously.exertits energy in all of the rsaine for driving of 4the rotor. The motive agent Willfbe partially diverted from one vchamber to another through either of the series of apertures 13 or 14: and the remaining portion of the motive agent will follow the tortuous path formed by each chamber.- In passingl through the several chambers the steam will be 4continuously subjected t'o a dammingi action andY then allowed to re-expandl due to the tapering forni of the chamber sections. At the same time; a positive driving action Will be had by the direct impinging of the steam against the oblique walls which divide the periphery oit the rotor into the several chambers and to this positive driving action will be added the driving force caused by the` friction of the motive agent against the surfaces of these oblique Walls. It will thus be seen that the energy of the motive agent is utilized to a. maximum degree, particularly as the steam is caused to travel partially through one chamber before passing from said chamber to the next adjacent chamber.

From the foregoing description it is believed that the construction and operation, as well as the advantages of the present invention, Will be readily understood and appreciated by those skilled in the art.

Also, it istie be understeodathat theeexaet positions' of the openingsiV asgyvell as their formV and size, may be considerably changed and varied without departing fromthe spirit and f' scope of the invention as claimedl l. A directactionluid jet motor includ-v ing acy'linder, a rotor revolubletherein and provided with a plurality of circumferentially extending endless steam channels ot sinuous form with each channel providing a communicating series of obliquely extending chamber portions, alternate chamber portions extending in opposite directions, said chamber' portions tapering smaller in the direction of rotation of the rotor certain of said chamber portions of each ot said channels being in communication withthe chamber portions of the next succeeding channel.

2. In a direct action fluid jet motor, a cylinder, a rotor rotatably .mounted therein and provided with a plurality of circumferentially Vextending peripheral endless steam V channels of sinuous form, each' channel embodyingobliqu'e channel portions extending in opposite directions, andsaid channelpon tions tapering narrower in the direction of Vrotationfo the rotor, said rotor having openings providing communication between the several channels "and arranged in the oblique portionsof the rotor Walls which. extend toward the inlet end of' the motor, whereby the steam moves in the general directiony in which rthe rotor" rotates when passing from one chamber to another.

3.-'In a direct-action fluid jet motor, a cylinder, a rotor rotatably mounted therein and provided with a plurality of circumferentially extending peripheral endless steam channels of sinuous form, each chan-- nel embodying oblique channel portions extending lin opposite directions, and ksaid channel .portions taperiru; narrowery in the direction of rotation of the rotor, said rotor havingl openings providing communication between the several channels and arrangedy in the 'oblique portions, of the` rotorwalls-Whieh extend toward the inlet end of the motor, whereby the stearn moves in the general di-v rection in which the rotor rotates when passing from one channel to another, said openingsfbeing arranged to provide communication between the narrow ends or certain of said. oblique chamber portions oi one chamber andthe large end of the chamber portions of the'oppositely extending oblique chamber portions of the next adjacent chamber the Walls of the chamber portions converging toward thefoutlet ends tliereot 4f. In ak fluid jet motor, a cylinder, arotor revolublyr fr'nounted, therein adapted to receivey a motive agent at one end and to ex haust the same at the other end thereof, said rotor having a plurality of circumferentially extending endless steam channels of sinuous form separated by walls of sinuous form whereby each channel embodies a plurality of oblique channel portions alternately extending in opposite directions, said walls having substantially axially aligned openings Vvtherethrough in the portions thereof which extend toward the inlet end of the motor in the general direction of rotation of the rotor for providing communication between'each channel and the adjacent channels, whereby the motive agent may flow in av circumferential direction corresponding with the direction of rotation ofk the rotor from one channel to the next succeedingchannel each of saidpchannels tapering toward the outletend thereof.

5. In a fluid jet motor, a cylinder, la rotor revolublyl mounted therein adapted yto receive 'a motive agent at one end and to exhaustthe same at the other end thereof, said rotor having a plurality oficircumferentially extending endlessV steam channels` of sinuous form separated by walls of sinuous form whereby veach channel embodies a plurality of obliquemchamber portions .alternately extending in opposite directions, said walls having lsubstantially axially aligned openings therethrough in the portions thereof which extend toward the vinlet end of the motor'in the general direction of rotation of the rotor for providing communication Vbektween'each channel and the adjacent channels, whereby the motive agent may flow in a circumferential direction corresponding with the directionof rotation of the rotor from Aonechannel tothe next succeeding channel, said walls having further openings g at the juncture of each oblique wall portion LioV with the' adjacent Voppositely extending oblique wall portion lying to the exhaust side of the motor, said'last named openings being obliquely disposed'to direct the steam from one channel to another at a point ahead of the next adjacent similar opening.

6. Ina fluid jet motor, a cylinder7 a rotor rotatably mounted therein and. adapted to receive a motive agent at one end and to exhaust the same at the other end thereof, said rotorbeing provided with a plurality of circumferentially extending endless peripheral channels of sinuous form separated by walls of 'sinuousf form, each of said channels embodying a series of oppositely extending oblique chamber portions which converge in the general directionof rotation of the rotor, said walls having openings therethrough establishing communication between the narrow outlet end of each chamber portion which yextends toward the exhaust end of the motor and the wide end of the oppositely extablishing communication between the nar-Y row outlet end of each chamber portion which extends toward thevexhaust end of the motor and the wide end of the oppositely extending chamber portion of the'next succeeding' chamber, said walls having further openings establishing communication between the narrow end of each chamber portion which extends toward the inlet end of the motor and the wide end of the oppositely extending chamber portion of the next succeeding chamber' l 8. In a iiuid jet motor, a cylinder, a rotor rotatably mounted therein and adapted to receivea motive agent atone endy and to exhaust the same at'the other end thereof, said rotor being provided'with a Vplurality of circumferentially extending endless peripheral channels of sinuous form separated by walls of sinuous form, each of said channels embodying a series of oppositely extending oblique chamber portions which converge in the general direction of rotationof the rotor, said'walls having openings therethrough establishing communication Vbetween the narrow outlet end of each chamberportionr which extends toward'the exhaust end of the motor andthe wide endof the oppositely extending channel portion of the next succeeding channel, said walls having further openings establishing communication between the narrow end of each chamber lportion which extends toward the inlet end of the motorand the wide end of the opposite extending chamber portion of the next'succeeding channel, said 'openings being arranged in a plurality of axially aligned'series disposed so that Ythe motiveagent is delivered from one channel to .the other at a point in advance of the similar opening at the opposite side of the opening through which the steam. has passed in flowing from one channel to the other.

In testimony ture.

oRAM A. Borna.

wherecf I affix my ,signa-v 

